A 2-page proof

I was reading about Hao Huang's pursuit of the "sensitivity" conjecture in theoretical computer science and how he was able to prove it after many years of thinking not by treating it as an all-consuming mission but as a guilty secret to indulge in when possible. Deep questions take time to answer. But those are the ones worth going after.

The final proof was two pages long.

Draft Pick III: A Life Update

[Written on 24th September, 2016]

I treat the Econ PhD program as a kind of baptism by fire that brings me back to what I always wanted to be. When I was a teenager among the many visions of the future I had was imagining what my teenage self would say to what I became in the future. For me at that time, becoming a scientist was the only path that made sense. It was pure, it was beautiful, and it was enduring. Running a company was never even a possibility - despite my father having been in the corporate world - and I wasn't even sure what was meant by engineering.

The knowledge about the IITs came some time in the 11th grade and I was resistant. It seemed a dumb thing to try for boring derivative stuff like engineering (I mean you were applying principles; yuck). For an entire year, I didn't study anything related to any exam. I was part of the NASA build-a-space-city challenge, a Delhi Government Vision 2020 contest, I was socializing (and miserably failing), and I was reading cool stuff about physics (not least of which was a paper by Seth Lloyd on Black Hole Computers). 

Till that time my life had been based on some principles, long discarded. Number one, exams didn't matter. Don't get me wrong, I was always in the top five of any class but rarely, if ever, at number one. I loved giving exams because they were intensely exhilarating but I didn't believe in preparing for them. Number two, it didn't matter where you studied or what grades you had. I thought such superficiality had no place in modern society. I knew many friends who were studying very well but they were never impressive enough. And then there was this world of creative tinkerers who had reasonable grades but were doing awesomely.

**********

Today, I am finding it difficult to study. After starving myself for over 30 hours (no real reason) I went over to Chipotle to have a burrito. In the past few weeks the burritos have been a God send. I have always hated Mexican food but with home so far away the combination of "rajma" (Pinto beans) and "chawal" seems familiar and tasty. The burrito was heavy and unhealthy. I loved it.

I came back to my room to start revising Microecon except I looked at my bed and a voice told me it'd be better to study on the bed. You know where this goes. The blanket never seemed more comfortable and I barely remember dozing off to better process my burrito. The nap was comfortable but ended with an old school friend visiting me in a garden. I woke up at this point (again not sure of the reason) and realized my entire body felt like a mottled old cardboard carton. Every joint was paining. I turned left and right in bed trying to sort my body out. I got up eventually. The last thought I had before sleeping was the strangeness of life and how incredibly far fetched (but probably true) was the fact we were living in a glorious vacuum of indifference. It's like the discrete metric. If it's not about you it's equally far away but no point is really better than any other. 

Having promised a friend I was going to study with him was just about enough to take me to the Social Sciences library. I walked the now familiar way there, with the St. John's Cathedral looming over my head as I turned left to look at all the fashionable people on the street (they look the same to me); I ascended towards my department. The library was closing early. So much for that.

I am now sitting in the Science and Engineering library. As I entered twenty minutes back I felt this feeling of familiarity and a recognition that I was acknowledged by the world where I truly belonged. Economics is a great discipline but it doesn't match the purity of the pure sciences (with due apologies to the engineers). It's a pretty decent compromise, doing a PhD in Economics.

I think my teenage self would give a terse nod to the decision I made.

[The previous post in this series.]

Best Books Lists 2019

Putting them all in one place. Will be updating this post over time.

1. New Yorker
2. The Economist
3. New York Times
4. Smithsonian
5. FT
6. Wall Street Journal
7. Electric Literature
8. The Guardian
9. Time

Am I missing a list? Please share them in your comments!

Quote of the Week - V

I segreti de' regi al folle volgo
ben commessi non sono

"It behoves not kings to confide their secrets to the foolish populace"

~ Torrismondo (according to Tasso)

Previous post in the series.

Academics on Twitter

Twitter's been my refuge for 10 years. It has offered a rich mélange of information beaming in from the land of the ordinary as well as the exotic.

Which is why the whole idea of academics using Twitter to discuss research sucks. I should have anticipated different disciplines hijacking the medium to weigh on their research topics but as a happy kid exploring the expanses of the universe through an impersonal and non-reciprocating vehicle I feel cheated.

Twitter is my way of socializing. Of comfortably interacting with the world and keeping my distance. It is also so much more than the boring debates of any one discipline.

Must I move on to Mastodon?

Book review - The Third Pillar by Raghuram Rajan

Around the time of independence, Gandhiji and Babasaheb Ambedkar clashed over the kind of structure the new nation of India would possess. Gandhiji believed in what would today be called a version of localism as he wanted most of the powers of the state to be vested with villages with the federal government having minimal interference. Ambedkar, having lived a life full of discrimination and social exclusion, did not agree. He saw villages and local communities as regressive centers of oppressive customs and traditions, with a hierarchy meant to subjugate those at the bottom, and which would not give all Indians the freedom that they should deserve.

Fast forward to today. Raghuram Rajan writes a book that is part of the many, many...many books out there at the moment on (i) the ills plaguing (predominantly) the developed world; (ii) an analysis of the conflicts therein; finally, (iii) offering a set of solutions. As is unfortunately the case with all these books, written by very smart people, the analysis is often highly informative and enlightening but the solutions are impractical or hopelessly naive.

What comes out is a book that has an intriguing thesis - that there is a third oft ignored pillar of the community that can bolster the support systems that individuals need in a time of great turbulence, and which can more efficiently take decisions for the people living in their communities.

There is much to agree with the thesis. Rajan is a nuanced person. He does not think in terms of ideological manifestos. He does not, at least for the developed world, think Ambedkar was right, but he doesn't want us to push out the state and the market to the extent that Gandhiji would have wanted.

The book itself, though, leaves a lot to be desired. In a topic as complex as the one Rajan has picked - of analyzing the community's role and empowering it in specific ways - the big flaw that comes out, and I can't believe I am saying this, is that he chooses to look at most of these problems purely as an economist. Not always, I hasten to add, but almost everywhere of note. Therefore, the analysis (historical and current) is often based on incentives. Give the right incentive and communities will not be overly insular or discriminatory, even in subtle ways. This line of thinking is not persuasive not least because there exists a history of regressive community structures and bad equilibria where the community chooses to live in a manner that is hostile to all kinds of outsiders as well as interruptions to their way of life. Despite these decisions affecting those communities economically. Despite the state trying to interfere.

In addition, the solutions miss an important aspect of so much of populist anger in the world today (something that Rajan himself mentions earlier in the book). People are not convinced the world is fair. That there is justice out there. People will not feel better by rising in their local community boards or church groups as compensation for feeling excluded from those who are far wealthier than they can imagine themselves to be. The number of roles that the community is ostensibly supposed to support is huge. One cannot see how all these roles can be smoothly and uniformly fulfilled. If people feel that they cannot live in the same elite circles as the elite, or have their children study in the same public schools, or see a way up if they work hard enough, the communities will not be able to compensate for this kind of distrust and disgruntlement.

I think the book would have done better if it had a more practical view of how changes can be implemented. Who is going to make the change? How do you engender this change endogenously? Or at the very least, what's the sequencing of the many tweaks and modifications (admirably) analyzed and recommended. One would expect that changes to how fair the system is perceived has to come first, for example.

Finally, the book is far too long for what it wants to present. Part I has a hurried jaunt through history and is neither insightful nor coherent; there are far too many digressions. The point of the argument struggles to come across. Part II is the analysis of the current situation. This is where Rajan's immense scholarship in the field of finance, contract theory, policy making etc comes to the forefront. I learnt a lot from this section. Part III is the solutions part. Interestingly, I found the author's analysis of solutions for the market and the state to be highly thought provoking; the solutions for the community are vague and seem to be a rather long laundry list of possible steps that can be taken.

All in all, the thesis is interesting. Some parts are very good. And to be fair, it is probably the start of a debate on this topic. This is not Rajan's best book but then, we hold him to the highest standards of expectation.

Impossible

It was too good to last. The last few weeks I experienced a phase that could be appropriately described as a vacation. That is, if I hadn't been using that time to convalesce after fresh battle scars from the months gone past.

It had seemed I may have had a quiet summer after all.

Not anymore.

I am back to the hard grind. And I mean hard grind. I need to finish an important piece of work tonight. Can I complete it? I am not sure. Is my mind in the right place? Not at all. That generally means a night long journey battling the demons of genuine obstacles in the work, and the protesting brain that wants to eschew all the burden and declare freedom.

Intractable work coupled with an intransigent mind. A beautiful blend.

Back to work.

Quote of the Week - IV

I see a land devoid of the face of my beloved.
I see a meadow empty of the stature of that upright cypress.
That place where that beloved used to wander in the garden with friends
Is now the dwelling of the wolf and fox, the domain of wild asses and vultures.

- Muizzi

Previous post in the series

Roland Garros 2019

I have been dreaming about seeing Roger Federer slide on a clay court for two years now. I’ve recognized the possible implication of seeing this beautiful event – it may be Roger’s way of saying good-bye forever. And so, the last few weeks have been nothing less than a celebration. Roger isn’t done yet. Roger wants to play on clay. Not only that, he’s playing a semi-final on the surface. Extraordinary. I cannot imagine any other player making a return after a hiatus as long as this without showing existential struggle in competing with the best.

Roger is really one of the greatest players on clay. My favorite match of him is the French Open semi-final against Novak Djokovic in 2011. Djokovic was on a hot streak and was threatening to complete a Grand Slam. Roger beat Novak with authority. Every Federer fan remembers him winning the last point there and walking towards the net with a swagger, waving his index finger in the air, “I am still Number One.” This match ended up having immense historical significance; Djokovic won all the other three Majors that year.

When Roger plays on clay he somehow manages to subsume the physical aspect of the surface under a pristine flawless exterior of smooth movement and fluid-like shot making. Watching him slide to a shot or seeing him execute a few more drop shots or seeing him use the extra bounce on the forehand to devastating precision…we are not worthy.

For reasons that are difficult to explicate I cannot watch the Federer-Nadal French Open match today. I cannot even follow it online – I have no internet. I can only reflect on this moment. Despite having no access to the match, I feel privileged to know that we can see another match between these greats at Roland Garros. I have written previously how I have always hoped to see Federer triumph on the red clay at Paris only to be left resigned to the absolute dominance of the Spaniard. It’s just a bad match-up.

Of course, I don’t expect Federer to win. I actually expect him to lose in straight sets. Anything more would be a bonus. Just don’t get bagel-ed, Roger.

We are truly lucky to be alive in this era.

Postscript: Phew.

Quote of the Week - III

All year the flax-dam festered in the heart
Of the townland; green and heavy headed
Flax had rotted there, weighted down by huge sods.
Daily it sweltered in the punishing sun.
Bubbles gargled delicately, bluebottles
Wove a strong gauze of sound around the smell.
There were dragonflies, spotted butterflies,
But best of all was the warm thick slobber
Of frogspawn that grew like clotted water
In the shade of the banks. Here, every spring
I would fill jampotfuls of the jellied
Specks to range on window sills at home,
On shelves at school, and wait and watch until
The fattening dots burst, into nimble
Swimming tadpoles. Miss Walls would tell us how
The daddy frog was called a bullfrog
And how he croaked and how the mammy frog
Laid hundreds of little eggs and this was
Frogspawn. You could tell the weather by frogs too
For they were yellow in the sun and brown
In rain.


Then one hot day when fields were rank
With cowdung in the grass the angry frogs
Invaded the flax-dam; I ducked through hedges
To a coarse croaking that I had not heard
Before. The air was thick with a bass chorus.
Right down the dam gross bellied frogs were cocked
On sods; their loose necks pulsed like sails. Some hopped:
The slap and plop were obscene threats. Some sat
Poised like mud grenades, their blunt heads farting.
I sickened, turned, and ran. The great slime kings
Were gathered there for vengeance and I knew
That if I dipped my hand the spawn would clutch it.

- Death of a Naturalist by Seamus Heaney 

Previous post in the series.

Book Update

Impulsively drank some strong English Breakfast after dinner to end up feverishly awake even as the clock nears 5 am. Not that I wasted the free time. I finished reading Six Not-So Easy Pieces by Richard Feynman. The unchallenged beauty of Einstein's theories is given a rigorous, accessible and elegant treatment by Feynman.

A longer review may be more appropriate but I think I'll try sleeping again.

And, oh, the election results are out. Is anyone surprised? 

Change

Third year of PhD draws to a close. There's massive amounts of work to be completed and yet, I feel as if I have crossed a bridge and reached the other side. In my time at Columbia, I have taken 27 or more courses. The driving force behind this madness was simply an insatiable desire to feel comfortable in the field in which I will seemingly be called an "expert." I paid the price. Walking a deadline tightrope meant 3-4 hours of sleep, innumerable anxious moments, and extreme concentration.

The mischief is almost managed. The courses are no longer needed. Research, in all its effervescent glory and macabre anxiety, awaits. I am six months behind where I needed to be.

I said earlier I have reached the other side. That entails eschewing the morbidly familiar and plunging into missteps and dead-ends.

I wouldn't want it any other way.

I have changed.

(Last post: https://haarisian.blogspot.com/2016/10/change.html)

Draft Pick II: Building history

[Some time after the French Open, 2015]

Federer fans have a lot to thank Novak Djokovic for.

Think about it. Roger has 17 slams. In 2011, the only man preventing Nadal from usurping his throne (distressingly fast as well) was Novak, when he convincingly beat Rafa in multiple slam finals.

This year's French was no different. You may argue that Nadal was doomed to lose in 2015 but say that convincingly with his nine French cups in front of you. It took a man of assured faith in his own abilities to flay the Spanish beast, and that was what Novak did.

But Federer fans also need to make a gracious hat tip to Stan Wawrinka too.

It was Wawrinka who stopped Nadal from winning the 2014 Australian Open (when no one believed it was possible) thereby stopping him from getting to his 14th slam before the French Open.

And it was Wawrinka again who bludgeoned Djokovic's resolve. He denied the Serb's quest for a career Grand Slam and dented his credentials in becoming another pretender to the crown of the GOAT. Novak may win the next two slams (I don't think that's happening) but that's not the same kind of history that he was building a day before today.

All in all I think what we need to appreciate is that this is not the outcome of luck. It is a fact often underestimated when we weigh Rod Laver's achievements and, I would argue, Roger Federer's place in the history of tennis. Winning slams consistently is no mean feat. It means going through seven five set matches battling the other top stars but also driven athletes who are good to beat you on their day. Even Roger Federer feels that more now, when he finds himself ousted on off-days.

No. This is not about luck. It's about greatness. Look back at the records of Federer, at his consistency and you may no longer find them prosaic. It's worth a gasp. And a shudder.

Novak will fight for some more years but once again Stan has changed the future of tennis' history.

Thanks, Stan.

[The previous post in this series] 

Quote of the Week - II

For lo! the Board with Cups and Spoons is crown’d,
The Berries crackle, and the Mill turns round.
On shining Altars of Japan they raise
The silver Lamp; the fiery Spirits blaze.
From silver Spouts the grateful Liquors glide,
And China’s Earth receives the smoaking Tyde.

~ Alexander Pope on coffee, from The Rape of the Lock

Previous post in the series.